🚗 Free Parking Available - View Details

History of Chinatown

From Sir Stamford Raffles' 1822 Master Town Plan to today's vibrant cultural district

Discover how humble beginnings grew into the jewel we know today, through trials, tribulations, and triumph

1822
Master Plan
1843
Development
1983
Restoration
The Story Begins

Sir Stamford Raffles' Vision

The 1822 Master Town Plan

In his 1822 Master Town Plan, Sir Stamford Raffles allocated the whole area west of the Singapore River for a Chinese settlement known as the Chinese Campong.

Raffles envisaged that Chinese would form the bulk of future town dwellers in Singapore, the new land of opportunity that had attracted many Chinese immigrants.

These immigrants expanded the original boundaries of this economically and culturally vibrant, self-contained town, creating a kampong (community settlement) that became home to many and a transit point for coolies going to Malaya.

Community Organization

Cantonese Community

Occupied Temple Street

Hokkien Community

Located in Telok Ayer Street and Hokkien Street

Teochew Community

Settled in South Canal Road, Garden Street and Carpenter Street

Trade Specialization: Different trades were confined to specific areas, so each street took on its own identity with businessmen, traders, craftsmen, hawkers and peddlers.

Growth & Development

From 1843 onwards, Chinatown's physical development expanded rapidly with new land leases and grants

1843: The Expansion Begins

Chinatown's physical development began from 1843, when more land leases and grants for homes and trade were awarded, particularly around:

  • Pagoda Street
  • Almeida Street (today's Temple Street)
  • Smith Street, Trengganu Street
  • Sago Street and Sago Lane

1846: Expanded Boundaries

By John Turnbull Thomson's 1846 map, this ethnic quarter expanded to the area demarcated by:

North: Singapore River
South: Telok Ayer Street
East: New Bridge Road
West: Pagoda Street

Developed areas included: Upper Macao Street (today's Upper Pickering Street), Upper Hokkien Street, Upper Chin Chew Street, Upper Cross Street and Mosque Street.

Modern Transformation

1983 Major Upgrading

Due to overcrowding and congestion, major upgrading of shophouses and new developments took place, preserving heritage while modernizing infrastructure.

Kreta Ayer Complex

Street hawkers were housed in the new Kreta Ayer Complex, organizing the vibrant food culture while maintaining the area's culinary heritage.

Cultural Diversity

Contrary to its name, Chinatown is not exclusively Chinese, featuring Indian traders, temples, and Muslim mosques, showcasing Singapore's multicultural harmony.

Discover

The 5 Historic Precincts

Each district tells its own story of heritage, culture, and community

Kreta Ayer

The heart of historic Chinatown with traditional shophouses and cultural sites

Explore

Ann Siang / Club Street

Trendy dining and nightlife district with preserved heritage architecture

Explore

Telok Ayer

Historic waterfront area with ancient temples and colonial architecture

Explore

Tanjong Pagar / Duxton

Upscale dining and entertainment district with restored shophouses

Explore

Bukit Pasoh

Quiet residential area with boutique hotels and cafes

Explore

Photo Archives

Take a trip down memory lane and look back at the early days of Chinatown through historical photography

Historical Documentation

Our historical photo collection captures the essence of old Chinatown, showing the daily lives of residents, the bustling street scenes, and the architectural evolution of this iconic district.

These precious images document the transformation from a humble Chinese settlement to the vibrant cultural hub we see today.

Photography courtesy of historical archives

Historical photo collection showcasing Chinatown's evolution from the early settlement days to modern times.

Continue Your Journey

Now that you know the history, explore the living heritage that continues to thrive in modern Chinatown